What are the welding influences of laser welding machines

Factors that directly influence laser welding are the welding temperature, the melting point of the welding material, the absorption rate of the laser-welded material and the thermal effect. As with the welding process, it can be visualized in terms of material properties, laser power, welding speed, focus position, shielding gas and welding mode.

The absorption rate of laser welding materials affects welding performance. In general, aluminum and copper have higher absorption in welding lasers, while carbon and stainless steels have lower absorption. When welding materials with high absorption rates, more energy is usually required to melt and produce consistent weld quality.

Laser power is the energy used for laser welding and has a decisive influence on the welding result. The level of laser power also affects the welding speed. The higher the laser power, the better. At a certain laser power, the corresponding weld depth reaches a threshold value. When this threshold is exceeded, the molten pool becomes more unstable, leading to a reduction in depth. Therefore, it is particularly important to choose the right laser power level.

Welding speed is inversely proportional to depth of fusion: the higher the speed, the lower the energy transferred to the weld metal, and vice versa. Too high a speed will not provide enough energy to the weld material to form a perfect weld, while too low a speed can lead to hypothermia, especially for heat-sensitive aluminum.

The position of the focal point directly affects the depth and width of the weld. The laser focus is only on the surface of the weld material, also known as the zero focus, the laser focus on or under the weld material. Zero focus is the smallest, at this time the highest energy density; the use of staggered welding, than the power is reduced but the spot increases, suitable for welding parts with a large area.

The influence of the shielding gas on the weld is not only reflected in the type of blow, but also in the different blowing processes. The air jet serves not only to prevent oxidation of the workpiece surface during the welding process, but also to prevent plasma clouds generated during laser welding. The shielding gas has a direct influence on the appearance and color of the surface. Welded products that require both should realize the importance of shielding gas.

The weld gap of the part to be welded is directly dependent on the depth of fusion, the melt depth and the shape of the weld. If the weld gap is too large and the spot is small, the weld will not be weldable and will be difficult to weld; at the same time, the laser irradiation may damage the tool or the part. If the distance is too large and within a certain range, it can be improved by adding spots and increasing the variation, but the enhancement is limited.

Welding Tests Using a Yaskawa GP25 robot, a PRIMA laser, an OSPRI weld head (100um core diameter, 300mm focal length), and a Manshunxing wire feeder, custom welds were tested on a 1.5mm thick sheet of Q235 carbon steel, SS304 stainless steel, and Series 3 aluminum. Testing Given a standard that 1 kW of power and a welding speed of 30 mm/s can weld a 1 mm thick plate, the reference power can be P = A X, where A is a constant factor (A ≥ 0) and X is the plate thickness. If other welding conditions such as welding speed, material and gas are kept constant, the value of the A-factor decreases with increasing plate thickness, and the A-factor also affects the welding method.

From the above test data, it can be seen that in the process of inverted welding of carbon steel plate, as the welding speed increases, the laser power should be increased accordingly. With the vibration amplitude unchanged, the vibration speed must be increased to ensure the welding effect. If the speed is too slow, the weld will be uneven.

In general, the energy required to self-cast carbon steel is less than the energy required to self-cast carbon steel, and the energy required to self-cast carbon steel is less than the energy required to weld electrodes. Carbon steel. Downward energy is controlled primarily by force and speed. For equal welding power, the higher the power, the higher the speed; the lower the power, the slower the speed. Ideally, weld speed should be maximized given the quality and efficiency of the weld, but if you go too fast, the weld head will vibrate, and you will also be limited by the laser power and material properties. That&qu39;s why they usually seek a balance between performance and speed.

The fiber core diameter selected for the test was 100 µm. If you are welding highly reflective and heat absorbing materials such as aluminum and copper, a higher power density is required to melt the aluminum. At this stage, it is necessary to select zero filler metal. For small welds, this may result in a low power laser producing maximum power density, melting the metal and creating a molten pool, which requires zero focus.